Chapter 14 - International History of the Twentieth Century and Beyond

Which of the following were factors in the Sino-Soviet split?

death of Stalin widened divide between leadership of the two states

Chinese desire for international calm to pursue economic development

Chinese antipathy towards “de-Stalinization”

Khrushchev’s openness towards divergence from Soviet model

None

How did Chinese foreign policy differ from that of the Soviet Union in the late 1950s and early 1960s?

Soviet Union increasingly sought an assertive role in the developing world

China pursued brinksmanship over the Taiwan issue

China pursued “peaceful coexistence” in opposition to Khrushchev’s wishes

China sought a ban on nuclear testing after the Cuban Missile Crisis, embarrassing the Soviet Union

None

Which stances did China take in relations with the developing world?

Advocacy of non-alignment

advocacy of revolution

construction of an Indian-Chinese axis to challenge the NAM

A and B

None

What factors undermined Chinese outreach to the developing world in the 1960s?

China could provide little material support

Chinese claims to authority over the overseas Chinese populations

Fear of neighboring states due to the rapid success of the Great Leap Forward

Sino-American rapprochement made developing world wary

None

Why did Chinese foreign policy shift in the later 1960s?

Anger at Soviet weak response to the Prague Spring

Focus on domestic challenges posed by the Cultural Revolution

Reconciliation with the Soviet Union led to consolidated approach to world

Failure of the Cultural Revolution required a more strident policy abroad

None

What factors led the United States and China towards reconciliation in the early 1970s?

A desire to finally resolve the status of Taiwan

American concern with the booming Chinese economy

American desire to reduce tensions in Asia and allow a retreat in Vietnam

A desire by Mao to align policy colsely with the US to counter the Soviet Union

None

How did Deng lead China in new directions after 1978?

He led China into a war against Vietnam

He restored relations with Japan

Cooperation with the US in intelligence gathering in Central Asia

All of the above

None

How did the "Four Modernizations" alter Communist rule in China?

Increased collective control of agriculture

Tightening of control over industry

Encouraging western investment in China

B and C

None

How did the suppression of the Tianmen Square protests influence Chinese relations in the 1990s?

Western critics debated whether engagement or containment should be extended to China

Taiwan increasingly strove for formal independence

Western critics feared the 1997 hand-over of Hong Kong would lead to a crackdown on rights

All of the above

None

10.

What were elements of DPRK Kim Il-Sung's autarchic goals?

Disastrous focus on armaments buildup

Development of a firmer economic base through trade with Japan

Rejection of both Chinese and Soviet brands of communism

Shaking up Korean politics with a “sunshine policy” opening relations with the ROK

None