Chapter 12 - International History of the Twentieth Century and Beyond

Which European states remained outside NATO and the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War?

Portugal

Norway

Austria

Denmark

None

In which state did neutrality or non-alignment predate the Cold War?

Sweden

Austria

Finland

Yugoslavia

None

Which foreign policy initiatives did Indian not lead?

Peaceful co-existence with China

Defense collaboration at the Baguio conference

Non-aligned solidarity at the Bandung Conference

Advocacy of neutralization of Indochina in 1954

None

Which of the following states was not present at the Bandung Conference in 1955?

India

Egypt

Japan

South Africa

None

How did Soviet and American aid to the developing world differ in the 1950s?

America could always outbid the Soviets in monetary amounts

Soviets always demanded ideological backing in return for aid

Soviets refused aid which would lead to industrial development of recipients

All of the above

None

Why was the NAM increasingly divided from the early 1960s

Divisions within African states undermined solidarity

Problematic nature of Indian leadership

Shifting focus from anti-imperialism to Cold War issues

All of the above

None

Which of the following leaders were not associated with the NAM?

Nasser of Egypt

Jiang of Taiwan

Tito of Yugoslavia

Nehru of India

None

What position in the NAM was most directly associated with Sukarno?

Peaceful co-existence

Rejection of Chinese influence

Strident opposition to neo-colonialism

All of the above

None

What was meant by "modernization" theory?

The use of import substitution industry to reduce dependence

Rapid development or “take-off” facilitated by entrepreneurs and foreign investment

Fixing commodity export prices to allow rational planning

Ending the Bretton Woods international financial hegemony

None

10.

Which groupings of states coalesced around the price of commodity exports?

The Cairo conference of the NAM

OPEC

NIEO

All of the above

None