Home » Uncategorized » Chapter 9 Case Studies

Chapter 9 Case Studies

Case Study 1

John Smith, a 20-year-old defendant, was charged with rape and murder. Sadie Lennon had been discovered in her apartment, brutally raped, with her head severed. When police arrested Smith, he exhibited strange behavior, arguing with people who weren’t there and hitting himself. At one point, he picked up the table and flung it across the room. The assistant district attorney wondered about his competence to stand trial.

Smith, the wealthy heir to his father’s fortune, had a skilled attorney who mounted an insanity defense. Attorney Hine claimed that Smith suffered from schizophrenia and therefore could not be held responsible for his actions. At his trial, Hine called an expert witness to testify to Smith’s mental illness. Dr. Smart provided evidence of Smith’s childhood abuse and said that in his sessions with Smith, Smith exhibited the classic symptoms of schizophrenia. Smith could not be held responsible for his actions, the doctor testified, as he was unaware of what he was doing at the time of the attack.

Smith was found not guilty by reason of mental disease or mental defect and sent to a psychiatric facility. After the trial, in investigating a robbery, police discovered video evidence in the suspect’s apartment of Smith describing the crime and talking about how he would get out of the death penalty. Smith described how he would pretend to be schizophrenic and then eventually make a “miraculous recovery.” He bragged how no one would be able to touch him, even when they found out that he faked his mental illness.

Questions

1. Why was John Smith so confident that he would not be punished, even after it was discovered that he faked his mental illness?

2. What are the requirements for the provision discussed in the previous condition?

3. When does the protection against the provision attach in a jury trial?

Case Study 2

Jocelyn Santarpio was on trial for murder. Police had discovered the body of her husband, Mario, in the couple’s bedroom after she had called them. Jocelyn was covered in Mario’s blood, and her fingerprints were on the knife used to kill him. When she was questioned by police, Jocelyn claimed that she had come home from work at her private consulting practice and discovered her husband’s body. She had attempted to revive him, she said, and that was why she was covered in his blood. Pulling the knife out, she claimed, was something she did to try to save him.

Evidence against Jocelyn Santarpio appeared to be damning. She had worked alone that day, and no one had seen her arrive at or leave her office. What’s more, a neighbor, Angela Barker, told police that she had seen Jocelyn at the couple’s home the day of the murder and said that she looked agitated. Barker agreed to testify at trial.

When Barker took the stand for the prosecution, she testified as to Jocelyn’s whereabouts the day of the murder and also claimed that the relationship between the defendant and her husband was strained. Jocelyn Santarpio’s defense attorney, Jane Jackson, had information that she thought relevant to Barker’s testimony. She questioned Barker about what Jocelyn had been wearing when she saw her, as there were inconsistencies in her testimony. She questioned the time at which Barker had seen Jocelyn, as Jackson had discovered that Barker was not at home at the time she claimed to have seen the defendant. In addition, Attorney Jackson asked Barker about her relationship with Mario Santarpio. Jocelyn Santarpio told Attorney Jackson that she thought that Barker was in love with her husband and that might have provided motivation for her testimony. After repeated questioning, Barker finally admitted that she had not seen Jocelyn Santarpio at the time of the murder. This admission cast enough doubt on Jocelyn Santarpio’s guilt that she was found not guilty.

Questions

1. When Attorney Jackson questioned Barker, what right was being exercised?

2. Is this right binding on the states? Why?

3. What is an important exception to this right?

Case Study 3

News of the murder of celebrity Susan Lamb’s husband at the couple’s winter home in a small town in a northern state traveled like wildfire. Harold Lamb had been discovered in the hallway, shot twice in the chest and once in the head. The story broke the morning of the murder, and by that evening, the story was splashed all over the news. When police arrested Susan Lamb, the story grew even bigger. Media hordes gathered outside the small-town courthouse, so thick that court staff could hardly break through to get inside. Tabloids had already convicted Lamb, splashing stories of rumored affairs, drug binges, and past crimes.

Judge Serena Delaney was worried that the media attention would contaminate the jury pool. There might be a few residents living off the grid up in the mountains who had not heard about the murder, but the townspeople could not leave their front doors without some reporter asking them what they thought of Susan Lamb. Lamb’s team of attorneys had considered applying for a change of venue, but since news of the murder dominated the news night after night, they doubted that they would be able to find a juror who had not heard of the case.

The trial date was set for nine months from the date of arraignment. In addition, Judge Delaney ordered the defense attorneys, the lone witness, the prosecutors, and law enforcement officers not to release to the media information that could prejudice the jury or make statements inadmissible.

When the time came to question potential jurors, the small mountain town proved that it had decent, sensible people who were able to set aside what they had heard about the case and “render a verdict based on the evidence presented in court.” However, in order to make sure that jurors did not learn anything about the case from the outside media while the trial was in progress, Judge Delaney ordered that they be sequestered. Surprisingly, the trial went smoothly. Susan Lamb was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison.

Questions

1. What are the dangers associated with a celebrity trial?

2. How were these dangers counteracted?

3. What is the due process standard for impartiality among the jurors? How is this determined?

Case Study 4

When it came time to sentence Susan Lamb for the brutal murder of her husband (see prior Case Study), prosecutors sought the death penalty. In the trial, it had come out that Susan Lamb had been carrying on an affair with a neighbor. The neighbor testified that Susan Lamb had suggested killing her husband as a way to get out of a prenuptial agreement.

The prosecution proved that Susan Lamb had plotted her husband’s murder for months and had chosen a moment for the murder that she thought would ensure that she would not be charged. She shot her husband three times, twice in the chest and once in the head. Her plans for escaping without detection, however, were foiled, however, when a lone witness saw her leaving the scene of the crime, covered in blood. Had she succeeded in getting away with the crime, Susan Lamb would have received a substantial financial reward from her husband’s life insurance policy and would have been free of the prenuptial agreement.

Prosecutors argued that in addition to the wanton depravity of the crime, Susan Lamb had also committed premeditated murder. In the mountain state where the crime took place, this made the crime eligible for the death penalty. The defense argued that Susan Lamb’s relationship with her husband was strained. They admitted that Susan Lamb had been carrying on an affair, but her husband had also cheated on her and was lately threatening to divorce her. The husband had once hit Susan Lamb hard enough to send her to the hospital. Prior to the murder, Susan Lamb had never been convicted of a crime, and she was known for doing charitable work for needy children.

Judge Delaney weighed the facts and the severity of the crime, and decided to sentence Susan Lamb to life in prison without the possibility of parole.

Questions

1. What makes a crime eligible for the death penalty? What did prosecutors focus on in arguing for it? What Amendment comes into play here?

2. What are factors that can cause a judge to decide against imposing the death penalty? What did the defense focus on in arguing against the death penalty for Susan Lamb?

3. Why was the sentence imposed after the guilt phase of the trial had concluded?

  Back To TopTo top