Chapter 1 – Cognitive psychology in a changing world

A branch of psychology concerned with understanding the mental processes related to processes such as perception, memory, decision making and language through the study of behaviour.

Inner subjective experience which includes thoughts and feelings and awareness of one’s own existence.

A view that human knowledge comes primarily from experience.

A mental structure that helps to organise and interpret information.

A process that involves looking inwards to examine thoughts and feelings.

A movement that sought to explain things though directly observable behaviours.

A form of therapy that helps people to manage problems by changing the way they behave and think.

Where a stimulus is repeatedly paired with an imagined or expected response or behaviour.

The process by which information is encoded, stored and retrieved.

A store for holding a small amount of information in mind for a short period of time.

Computer based models that attempt to understand how people learn and remember at a neural level.

A class of neuroimaging methods developed to measure localised brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.

A class of neuroimaging technique that uses tiny amounts of radioactive substances to detect localised brain activity via changes in metabolism.

A form of reasoning that starts with a hypothesis, and examines the possibilities to reach a logical conclusion.

A form of reasoning that involves making broad generalisations from specific observations.

The idea that speaking more than one language fluently brings cognitive benefits.

Witnessing and then recalling the details of a crime, accident or other important event.

The power or capacity to choose amongst alternatives or to act in a certain way.