{"id":199,"date":"2025-05-06T13:48:41","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T13:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/?page_id=199"},"modified":"2025-09-05T14:40:52","modified_gmt":"2025-09-05T14:40:52","slug":"chapter-9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/chapter-9\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-medium-font-size wp-elements-00cbd64acd33b7a8866baaa544ff667c\" style=\"color:#0f476a\">Preferential Trade Agreements and the Global Trade Regime&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-medium-font-size wp-elements-cba01e8d081f11ab5ffaa8c91e3020ef\" style=\"color:#0f476a\">Quizzes&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Test your knowledge with the Chapter 9 quiz!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-border-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-color:#cccccc;border-width:1px;background-color:#f7f7f7;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><script>\n                            if (window.qmn_quiz_data === undefined) {\n                                    window.qmn_quiz_data = new Object();\n                            }\n                    <\/script><script>window.qmn_quiz_data[\"14\"] = {\"quiz_id\":\"14\",\"quiz_name\":\"Chapter 9 MCQ Single Answers\",\"disable_answer\":0,\"ajax_show_correct\":0,\"progress_bar\":\"1\",\"contact_info_location\":0,\"qpages\":{\"1\":{\"id\":\"1\",\"quizID\":\"14\",\"pagekey\":\"0eGXjTRk\",\"hide_prevbtn\":\"0\"}},\"skip_validation_time_expire\":0,\"timer_limit_val\":0,\"disable_scroll_next_previous_click\":0,\"disable_scroll_on_result\":0,\"disable_first_page\":0,\"enable_result_after_timer_end\":0,\"enable_quick_result_mc\":0,\"end_quiz_if_wrong\":0,\"form_disable_autofill\":0,\"disable_mathjax\":0,\"enable_quick_correct_answer_info\":\"0\",\"quick_result_correct_answer_text\":\"Correct! 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associate member of the European Union\",\"answer_array\":\"a:2:{i:0;a:3:{i:0;s:4:\\\"TRUE\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:1;a:3:{i:0;s:5:\\\"FALSE\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:1;}}\",\"answer_one\":\"\",\"answer_one_points\":\"0\",\"answer_two\":\"\",\"answer_two_points\":\"0\",\"answer_three\":\"\",\"answer_three_points\":\"0\",\"answer_four\":\"\",\"answer_four_points\":\"0\",\"answer_five\":\"\",\"answer_five_points\":\"0\",\"answer_six\":\"\",\"answer_six_points\":\"0\",\"correct_answer\":\"0\",\"question_answer_info\":\"False, see Table 9.1\",\"comments\":\"1\",\"hints\":\"\",\"question_order\":\"1\",\"question_type\":\"0\",\"question_type_new\":\"0\",\"question_settings\":\"a:21:{s:8:\\\"required\\\";i:0;s:12:\\\"answerEditor\\\";s:4:\\\"text\\\";s:14:\\\"question_title\\\";s:10:\\\"Question 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article 24 is considered to be ineffective in shifting PTAs.\",\"answer_array\":\"a:2:{i:0;a:3:{i:0;s:4:\\\"TRUE\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:1;}i:1;a:3:{i:0;s:5:\\\"FALSE\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}}\",\"answer_one\":\"\",\"answer_one_points\":\"0\",\"answer_two\":\"\",\"answer_two_points\":\"0\",\"answer_three\":\"\",\"answer_three_points\":\"0\",\"answer_four\":\"\",\"answer_four_points\":\"0\",\"answer_five\":\"\",\"answer_five_points\":\"0\",\"answer_six\":\"\",\"answer_six_points\":\"0\",\"correct_answer\":\"0\",\"question_answer_info\":\"\",\"comments\":\"1\",\"hints\":\"\",\"question_order\":\"1\",\"question_type\":\"0\",\"question_type_new\":\"0\",\"question_settings\":\"a:21:{s:8:\\\"required\\\";i:0;s:12:\\\"answerEditor\\\";s:4:\\\"text\\\";s:14:\\\"question_title\\\";s:10:\\\"Question 9\\\";s:14:\\\"featureImageID\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:15:\\\"featureImageSrc\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:11:\\\"matchAnswer\\\";s:6:\\\"random\\\";s:11:\\\"isPublished\\\";s:1:\\\"1\\\";s:16:\\\"inline-drop-down\\\";i:1;s:14:\\\"drop-down-type\\\";s:6:\\\"single\\\";s:13:\\\"advance-polar\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:12:\\\"answer_limit\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:16:\\\"placeholder_text\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:14:\\\"case_sensitive\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:16:\\\"image_size-width\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:17:\\\"image_size-height\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:8:\\\"autofill\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:10:\\\"limit_text\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:23:\\\"limit_multiple_response\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:17:\\\"file_upload_limit\\\";s:1:\\\"4\\\";s:16:\\\"file_upload_type\\\";s:21:\\\"image,application\\\/pdf\\\";s:15:\\\"min_text_length\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";}\",\"category\":\"\",\"linked_question\":\"\",\"deleted\":\"0\",\"deleted_question_bank\":\"0\",\"answers\":[[\"TRUE\",0,1],[\"FALSE\",0,0]]},\"245\":{\"question_id\":\"245\",\"quiz_id\":\"14\",\"question_name\":\"Trade has increased faster in PTAs than under the WTO.\",\"answer_array\":\"a:2:{i:0;a:3:{i:0;s:4:\\\"TRUE\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:1;}i:1;a:3:{i:0;s:5:\\\"FALSE\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}}\",\"answer_one\":\"\",\"answer_one_points\":\"0\",\"answer_two\":\"\",\"answer_two_points\":\"0\",\"answer_three\":\"\",\"answer_three_points\":\"0\",\"answer_four\":\"\",\"answer_four_points\":\"0\",\"answer_five\":\"\",\"answer_five_points\":\"0\",\"answer_six\":\"\",\"answer_six_points\":\"0\",\"correct_answer\":\"0\",\"question_answer_info\":\"\",\"comments\":\"1\",\"hints\":\"\",\"question_order\":\"1\",\"question_type\":\"0\",\"question_type_new\":\"0\",\"question_settings\":\"a:21:{s:8:\\\"required\\\";i:0;s:12:\\\"answerEditor\\\";s:4:\\\"text\\\";s:14:\\\"question_title\\\";s:11:\\\"Question 10\\\";s:14:\\\"featureImageID\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:15:\\\"featureImageSrc\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:11:\\\"matchAnswer\\\";s:6:\\\"random\\\";s:11:\\\"isPublished\\\";s:1:\\\"1\\\";s:16:\\\"inline-drop-down\\\";i:1;s:14:\\\"drop-down-type\\\";s:6:\\\"single\\\";s:13:\\\"advance-polar\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:12:\\\"answer_limit\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:16:\\\"placeholder_text\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:14:\\\"case_sensitive\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:16:\\\"image_size-width\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:17:\\\"image_size-height\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:8:\\\"autofill\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:10:\\\"limit_text\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:23:\\\"limit_multiple_response\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:17:\\\"file_upload_limit\\\";s:1:\\\"4\\\";s:16:\\\"file_upload_type\\\";s:21:\\\"image,application\\\/pdf\\\";s:15:\\\"min_text_length\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";}\",\"category\":\"\",\"linked_question\":\"\",\"deleted\":\"0\",\"deleted_question_bank\":\"0\",\"answers\":[[\"TRUE\",0,1],[\"FALSE\",0,0]]}},\"first_page\":false,\"questions_settings\":[]}\n                    <\/script>\t\t<div class='qsm-quiz-container qsm-quiz-container-14 qmn_quiz_container mlw_qmn_quiz qsm_auto_pagination_enabled quiz_theme_default  '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form name=\"quizForm14\" id=\"quizForm14\" action=\"\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/199\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"qsm-quiz-form qmn_quiz_form mlw_quiz_form\" novalidate enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_hidden_questions\" id=\"qsm_hidden_questions\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_nonce\" id=\"qsm_nonce_14\" value=\"cd46b883e5\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_unique_key\" id=\"qsm_unique_key_14\" value=\"69cf659ab51aa\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mlw_error_message\" class=\"qsm-error-message qmn_error_message_section\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<span id=\"mlw_top_of_quiz\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-1\" data-apid=\"1\" data-qpid=\"1\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-44 slide0 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 1 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>A customs union adds what element to a free trade area?<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers mlwRequiredRadio'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question44-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question44\" id=\"question44_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question44_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCoordination of fiscal and monetary policies\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question44-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question44\" id=\"question44_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question44_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tShared trade negotiations\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question44-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question44\" id=\"question44_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question44_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCommon infrastructure projects\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question44-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question44\" id=\"question44_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question44_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCommon external tariff\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question44_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question44\" id=\"question44_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_44\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-2\" data-apid=\"2\" data-qpid=\"2\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-45 slide1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 2 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>Trade diversion occurs when an FTA leads to:<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers mlwRequiredRadio'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question45-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question45\" id=\"question45_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question45_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDisintigration of domestic regulation\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question45-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question45\" id=\"question45_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question45_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe shift away from a lower cost producer not party to the FTA\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question45-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question45\" id=\"question45_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question45_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe shift in industries after FTA\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question45-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question45\" id=\"question45_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question45_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tUnemployment due to trade shifts\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question45_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question45\" id=\"question45_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_45\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-3\" data-apid=\"3\" data-qpid=\"3\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-46 slide2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 3 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>The Lom\u00e9 Convention is an agreement between which 2 trading partners:<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers mlwRequiredRadio'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question46-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question46\" id=\"question46_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question46_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe US and ASEAN\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question46-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question46\" id=\"question46_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question46_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe EU and Africa\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question46-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question46\" id=\"question46_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question46_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe EU and ASEAN\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question46-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question46\" id=\"question46_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question46_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe EU and Latin America\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question46_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question46\" id=\"question46_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_46\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-4\" data-apid=\"4\" data-qpid=\"4\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-47 slide3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 4 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>What are the first and last steps in the economic integration process?<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers mlwRequiredRadio'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question47-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question47\" id=\"question47_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question47_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFree trade area and Political union\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question47-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question47\" id=\"question47_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question47_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFree trade area and Common market\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question47-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question47\" id=\"question47_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question47_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEconomic union and Free trade area\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question47-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question47\" id=\"question47_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question47_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCustoms union and Common market\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question47_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question47\" id=\"question47_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_47\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-5\" data-apid=\"5\" data-qpid=\"5\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-14  question-section-id-242 slide4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 5 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm-align-fill-in-blanks qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>The precursor to the European Union, formed in the 1950s, was the European <input type='text' class='qmn_fill_blank mlwRequiredText' name='question242[]' \/> and Steel community.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-6\" data-apid=\"6\" data-qpid=\"6\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-14  question-section-id-243 slide5 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 6 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm-align-fill-in-blanks qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>Rules of origin refer to <input type='text' class='qmn_fill_blank mlwRequiredText' name='question243[]' \/> a product is made.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-7\" data-apid=\"7\" data-qpid=\"7\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-14  question-section-id-244 slide6 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 7 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm-align-fill-in-blanks qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>The <input type='text' class='qmn_fill_blank mlwRequiredText' name='question244[]' \/> Agreement abolished border checks in the EU.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-8\" data-apid=\"8\" data-qpid=\"8\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-247 slide7 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 8 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>Belarus is an associate member of the European Union<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers mlwRequiredRadio'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question247-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question247\" id=\"question247_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question247_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tTRUE\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question247-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question247\" id=\"question247_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question247_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFALSE\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question247_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question247\" id=\"question247_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_247\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-9\" data-apid=\"9\" data-qpid=\"9\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-246 slide8 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 9 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>GATT article 24 is considered to be ineffective in shifting PTAs.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers mlwRequiredRadio'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question246-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question246\" id=\"question246_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question246_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tTRUE\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question246-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question246\" id=\"question246_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question246_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFALSE\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question246_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question246\" id=\"question246_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_246\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-10\" data-apid=\"10\" data-qpid=\"10\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-245 slide9 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Question 10 <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p>Trade has increased faster in PTAs than under the WTO.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers mlwRequiredRadio'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question245-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question245\" id=\"question245_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question245_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tTRUE\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question245-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question245\" id=\"question245_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question245_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFALSE\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question245_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question245\" id=\"question245_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_245\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qmn_question_list\" value=\"44Q45Q46Q47Q242Q243Q244Q247Q246Q245Q\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row quiz_section quiz_end empty_quiz_end qsm-d-none\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mlw_error_message_bottom\" class=\"qsm-error-message qmn_error_message_section\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qmn_all_questions_count\" id=\"qmn_all_questions_count\" value=\"10\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"total_questions\" id=\"total_questions\" value=\"10\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"timer\" id=\"timer\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"timer_ms\" id=\"timer_ms\" value=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" class=\"qmn_quiz_id\" name=\"qmn_quiz_id\" id=\"qmn_quiz_id\" value=\"14\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type='hidden' name='complete_quiz' value='confirmation' \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"qsm-popup qsm-popup-slide\" id=\"modal-4\" aria-hidden=\"false\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__overlay\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-micromodal-close=\"\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__container qmn_quiz_container\" role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"true\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__content\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-content\/plugins\/quiz-master-next\/assets\/clock.png\" alt=\"clock.png\"\/><p class=\"qsm-time-up-text\"> Time&#8217;s up<\/p><\/div><footer class=\"qsm-popup__footer\"><button class=\"qsm-popup-secondary-button qmn_btn\" data-micromodal-close=\"\" aria-label=\"Close this dialog window\" onclick=\"location.reload();\">Cancel<\/button><\/footer><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-medium-font-size wp-elements-d1c9730d758fa5921098616072b94bdb\" style=\"color:#0f476a\">Watch, Listen, Read, and Explore&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This content includes videos, podcasts, articles, readings, and other resources to help you understand and explore the content covered in the chapter. Most readings are freely available, although anything marked with an asterisk may require institutional log-in (e.g., through your university). Freely available data sources are also included to explore and further research.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-medium-font-size wp-elements-1b4110a70dedd7f9138041547b7bd8bc\" style=\"color:#0f476a\">Videos&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>See Lecture Video<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Brief History of the European Union (to 2014), EPinUK: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XgnXwrsMBUs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XgnXwrsMBUs<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Origins of European Integration, Trans European Policy Studies Association: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mwI2gXYaNpI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mwI2gXYaNpI<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-medium-font-size wp-elements-e71567cb862808fe31dcc6148c06ced6\" style=\"color:#0f476a\">Podcasts&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>European Centre for International Political Economy (ECIPE) EU trade podcasts: <a href=\"https:\/\/ecipe.org\/podcast\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ecipe.org\/podcast\/<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Miguel Toro, Wilson Center podcast, \u201cWinners and Losers of NAFTA\u201d: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/article\/podcast-winners-and-losers-nafta-trade-month\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/article\/podcast-winners-and-losers-nafta-trade-month<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NPR, \u201c20 years of NAFTA\u201d podcast series: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/series\/249998251\/20-years-of-nafta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.npr.org\/series\/249998251\/20-years-of-nafta<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UN Africa Renewal podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/africarenewal.un.org\/en\/podcasts\/3802\/32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/africarenewal.un.org\/en\/podcasts\/3802\/32<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UN Africa Renewal podcast, Ep. 1: African Continental Free Trade Area: <a href=\"https:\/\/africarenewal.un.org\/en\/podcasts\/000\/32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/africarenewal.un.org\/en\/podcasts\/000\/32<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IMF podcast, \u201cAfrican Continental Free Trade Area a Potential Game Changer\u201d: <a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/za\/podcast\/african-continental-free-trade-area-a-potential\/id1029134681?i=1000437518705\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/za\/podcast\/african-continental-free-trade-area-a-potential\/id1029134681?i=1000437518705<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EPRS podcast, \u201cEU economic partnership agreements with ACP countries: Which way forward?\u201d: <a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/pl\/podcast\/eu-economic-partnership-agreements-with-acp-countries\/id1086996218?i=1000589253869\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/pl\/podcast\/eu-economic-partnership-agreements-with-acp-countries\/id1086996218?i=1000589253869<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-medium-font-size wp-elements-0c542f176e20013b73cd56b2a9bdc6ea\" style=\"color:#0f476a\">Readings&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Facts and figures on the structure of the EU: <a href=\"https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/principles-countries-history\/facts-and-figures-european-union_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/principles-countries-history\/facts-and-figures-european-union_en<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Timeline of the EU (EU Watch): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euwatch.be\/timeline-of-the-eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.euwatch.be\/timeline-of-the-eu\/<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trade diversion, EconomicsHelp.org: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economicshelp.org\/blog\/glossary\/trade-diversion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.economicshelp.org\/blog\/glossary\/trade-diversion\/<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cTrade Creation and Trade Diversion in Deep Agreements\u201d (Mattoo, Mulabdic and Ruta, World Bank Study, 2019): <a href=\"https:\/\/thedocs.worldbank.org\/en\/doc\/328491559591517896-0050022019\/original\/TradeCreationanfTradeDiversion.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/thedocs.worldbank.org\/en\/doc\/328491559591517896-0050022019\/original\/TradeCreationanfTradeDiversion.pdf<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Theories of European Integration (Bergmann &amp; Niemann, 2015): <a href=\"https:\/\/internationale.politik.uni-mainz.de\/files\/2012\/10\/BergmannNiemann_Theories-of-European-Integration_final-version-00000003.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/internationale.politik.uni-mainz.de\/files\/2012\/10\/BergmannNiemann_Theories-of-European-Integration_final-version-00000003.pdf<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wilson Center, NAFTA at 30: Canada Institute and Mexico Institute Experts Reflect: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/article\/nafta-30-canada-institute-and-mexico-institute-experts-reflect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/article\/nafta-30-canada-institute-and-mexico-institute-experts-reflect<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>USMCA treaty text: <a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/trade-agreements\/free-trade-agreements\/united-states-mexico-canada-agreement\/agreement-between\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ustr.gov\/trade-agreements\/free-trade-agreements\/united-states-mexico-canada-agreement\/agreement-between<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-lora-font-family has-medium-font-size wp-elements-21c53de307eb79d47e0f413dc5bd45c9\" style=\"color:#0f476a\">Selected Sources of Free Data&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>WTO PTA database: <a href=\"http:\/\/ptadb.wto.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/ptadb.wto.org\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: We use the term PTAs in the text in the way that the WTO defines RTAs&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>WTO RTA database: <a href=\"http:\/\/ptadb.wto.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/ptadb.wto.org\/<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EU Treaties: <a href=\"https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/principles-countries-history\/principles-and-values\/founding-agreements_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/principles-countries-history\/principles-and-values\/founding-agreements_en<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Preferential Trade Agreements and the Global Trade Regime&nbsp; Quizzes&nbsp; Test your knowledge with the Chapter 9 quiz!&nbsp; Watch, Listen, Read, and Explore&nbsp; This content includes videos, podcasts, articles, readings, and other resources to help you understand and explore the content covered in the chapter. Most readings are freely available, although anything marked with an asterisk&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-199","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/199","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=199"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/199\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":483,"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/199\/revisions\/483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/globalpoliticaleconomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=199"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}