{"id":3149,"date":"2026-09-07T13:15:54","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T13:15:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/bpscoretextbooks\/content\/chapter-10-pain\/chapter-10-flashcards\/"},"modified":"2026-09-07T15:50:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T15:50:57","slug":"chapter-10-flashcards","status":"publish","type":"content","link":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/bpscoretextbooks\/9781032707433-chapter-10-flashcards\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 10 &#8211; Flashcards"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- Swiper -->\n<div class=\"swiper mySwiper\" id=\"swiper-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\">\n    <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Acute pain\" data-back=\"Short term pain related to injury, tissue damage or illness, it has survival value in that itis a warning something is wrong.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Acute pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Short term pain related to injury, tissue damage or illness, it has survival value in that itis a warning something is wrong.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Chronic pain\" data-back=\"Pain that lasts beyond the expected recovery time and it can be a condition on its own.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Chronic pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Pain that lasts beyond the expected recovery time and it can be a condition on its own.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Specificity theory of pain\" data-back=\"Separate receptors and nerve pathways for different sensations.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Specificity theory of pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Separate receptors and nerve pathways for different sensations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Pattern theory of pain\" data-back=\"Distinct types of pain are due to the pattern of impulses from nerve endings.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Pattern theory of pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Distinct types of pain are due to the pattern of impulses from nerve endings.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Gate control theory of pain\" data-back=\"Pain signals can be modulated by a gate within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Gate control theory of pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Pain signals can be modulated by a gate within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Dorsal horn\" data-back=\"The location of the gate within the spinal cord that can block or permit pain signals getting to the brain.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Dorsal horn<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The location of the gate within the spinal cord that can block or permit pain signals getting to the brain.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"A-delta fibres\" data-back=\"Myelinated nerve fibres involved in fast transmission of well localised sharp pain signals.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>A-delta fibres<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Myelinated nerve fibres involved in fast transmission of well localised sharp pain signals.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"C-fibres\" data-back=\"Unmyelinated nerve signals that transmit pain more slowly that A delta fibres, pain is characteristically dull and diffuse.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>C-fibres<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Unmyelinated nerve signals that transmit pain more slowly that A delta fibres, pain is characteristically dull and diffuse.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"A-beta fibres\" data-back=\"Large diameter nerve fibres that transmit non painful signals such as touch and pressure.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>A-beta fibres<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Large diameter nerve fibres that transmit non painful signals such as touch and pressure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Neuromatrix model of pain\" data-back=\"Pain is not just received by the central nervous system but can be generated within the CNS itself.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Neuromatrix model of pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Pain is not just received by the central nervous system but can be generated within the CNS itself.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Phantom limb pain\" data-back=\"Pain that is experienced in a limb, even though it has been amputated.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Phantom limb pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Pain that is experienced in a limb, even though it has been amputated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Fibromyalgia\" data-back=\"A chronic condition that is characterised by widespread pain, bodily tender points and fatigue.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Fibromyalgia<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A chronic condition that is characterised by widespread pain, bodily tender points and fatigue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Pain catastrophising\" data-back=\"Thinking about pain in an overly exaggerated negative way.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Pain catastrophising<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Thinking about pain in an overly exaggerated negative way.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Rumination\" data-back=\"Repetitive thinking about the same negative thoughts or problems.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Rumination<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Repetitive thinking about the same negative thoughts or problems.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Double discrimination\" data-back=\"Simultaneous discrimination from two sources, the general population and from within the LGBTQI+ community.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Double discrimination<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Simultaneous discrimination from two sources, the general population and from within the LGBTQI+ community.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Musculoskeletal pain\" data-back=\"Pain that originates from the muscles, bones, joints, ligaments and or tendons.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Musculoskeletal pain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Pain that originates from the muscles, bones, joints, ligaments and or tendons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Palpation\" data-back=\"Using the hands to feel the body to detect areas of tension, imbalances which are interpreted by an Indigenous healer\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Palpation<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Using the hands to feel the body to detect areas of tension, imbalances which are interpreted by an Indigenous healer<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Hypochondriacal\" data-back=\"Having excessive worry of fear of having a serious illness, which may be due to interpretation of bodily symptoms.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Hypochondriacal<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Having excessive worry of fear of having a serious illness, which may be due to interpretation of bodily symptoms.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Opioid based medication\" data-back=\"A strong analgesic drug used to treat severe pain, which carries the risk of addiction.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Opioid based medication<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A strong analgesic drug used to treat severe pain, which carries the risk of addiction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Cognitive behaviour therapy\" data-back=\"A psychotherapeutic treatment that helps people to identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviours.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Cognitive behaviour therapy<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A psychotherapeutic treatment that helps people to identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviours.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Negative automatic thoughts\" data-back=\"These are spontaneous thoughts that may focus on negative outcomes related to pessimism, self criticism or fear.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Negative automatic thoughts<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>These are spontaneous thoughts that may focus on negative outcomes related to pessimism, self criticism or fear.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"sr-only\">Press Enter or Space to flip the card<\/div>\n        <div id=\"flip-announcement-block_bc4aabc3a981d5518c816dde88da3d90\" class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"swiper-nav\">\n   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