{"id":138,"date":"2024-08-02T19:39:05","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T19:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/?p=138"},"modified":"2026-08-26T13:22:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T13:22:12","slug":"chapter-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/chapter-8\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 8: Souls, Ghosts, and Death"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><h2 class=\"alignwide wp-block-post-title has-large-font-size\">Chapter 8: Souls, Ghosts, and Death<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-base-element-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"aioseo-chapter-summary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1080\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1920 \/ 1080;\" width=\"1920\" controls src=\"https:\/\/cdn.routledgelearning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/assets\/sites\/19\/Chapter-8-Summary.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-border-color has-contrast-border-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#fae6dc3d;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h2 id=\"aioseo-problem-solving-challenges\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Multiple Choice Questions&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n<script>\n                            if (window.qmn_quiz_data === undefined) {\n                                    window.qmn_quiz_data = new Object();\n                            }\n                    <\/script><script>window.qmn_quiz_data[\"8\"] = {\"quiz_id\":\"8\",\"quiz_name\":\"Chapter 8\",\"disable_answer\":0,\"ajax_show_correct\":0,\"progress_bar\":\"0\",\"contact_info_location\":\"0\",\"qpages\":{\"2\":{\"id\":\"2\",\"quizID\":\"8\",\"pagekey\":\"nRKoImml\",\"hide_prevbtn\":\"0\"}},\"skip_validation_time_expire\":0,\"timer_limit_val\":0,\"disable_scroll_next_previous_click\":0,\"disable_scroll_on_result\":0,\"disable_first_page\":\"0\",\"enable_result_after_timer_end\":0,\"enable_quick_result_mc\":0,\"end_quiz_if_wrong\":0,\"form_disable_autofill\":0,\"disable_mathjax\":0,\"enable_quick_correct_answer_info\":\"0\",\"quick_result_correct_answer_text\":\"Correct! You have selected correct answer.\",\"quick_result_wrong_answer_text\":\"Wrong! You have selected wrong answer.\",\"quiz_processing_message\":\"\",\"quiz_limit_choice\":\"Limit of choice is reached.\",\"not_allow_after_expired_time\":0,\"scheduled_time_end\":false,\"prevent_reload\":\"\",\"limit_email_based_submission\":0,\"total_user_tries\":0,\"is_logged_in\":false,\"error_messages\":{\"email_error_text\":\"Not a valid e-mail address!\",\"number_error_text\":\"This field must be a number!\",\"incorrect_error_text\":\"The entered text is not correct!\",\"empty_error_text\":\"Please complete all required fields!\",\"contact_field_required_error_text\":\"Please complete all required fields!\",\"url_error_text\":\"The entered URL is not valid!\",\"minlength_error_text\":\"Required atleast %minlength% characters.\",\"maxlength_error_text\":\"Maximum %maxlength% characters allowed.\",\"recaptcha_error_text\":\"ReCaptcha is missing\",\"phone_error_text\":\"Phone number is invalid\",\"empty_grid_radio_checkbox_text\":\"Please complete all  rows required fields!\",\"empty_audio_text\":\"Please upload audio!\"},\"questions_settings\":[]}\n                    <\/script><style type='text\/css' id='qmn_quiz_template-css'>.mlw_qmn_quiz {\r\n    line-height: 20px;\r\n}<\/style>\t\t<div class='qsm-quiz-container qsm-quiz-container-8 qmn_quiz_container mlw_qmn_quiz  quiz_theme_default random '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form name=\"quizForm8\" id=\"quizForm8\" action=\"\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138\" method=\"POST\" class=\"qsm-quiz-form qmn_quiz_form mlw_quiz_form\" novalidate enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_hidden_questions\" id=\"qsm_hidden_questions\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_nonce\" id=\"qsm_nonce_8\" value=\"5279437a17\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_unique_key\" id=\"qsm_unique_key_8\" value=\"6aaa89dc74986\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mlw_error_message\" class=\"qsm-error-message qmn_error_message_section\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<span id=\"mlw_top_of_quiz\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"qsm-page \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0 question-section-id-38 \" data-qid=\"38\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>In which culture do we see the use of effigies in funeral practices? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question38-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question38\" id=\"question38_1\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question38_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tBunyoro\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question38-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question38\" id=\"question38_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question38_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMurngin\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question38-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question38\" id=\"question38_3\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question38_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tTana Toraja\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question38-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question38\" id=\"question38_4\" value=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question38_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tKiowa\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question38-5 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question38\" id=\"question38_5\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question38_5\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDani\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question38_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question38\" id=\"question38_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_38\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0 question-section-id-39 \" data-qid=\"39\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Hauntings are associated with all of the following except: <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question39-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question39\" id=\"question39_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question39_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\trepeated events, like replays\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question39-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question39\" id=\"question39_2\" value=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question39_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tactions that occur constantly\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question39-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question39\" id=\"question39_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question39_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tactions that are locked in time and do not change\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question39-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question39\" id=\"question39_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question39_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tactions that can be experienced by the living\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question39-5 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question39\" id=\"question39_5\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question39_5\">\n\t\t\t\t\tactions that involve apparitions\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question39_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question39\" id=\"question39_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_39\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0 question-section-id-40 \" data-qid=\"40\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Burial practices that are meant to protect the living from the dead are called: <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question40-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question40\" id=\"question40_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question40_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tapotropaic\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question40-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question40\" id=\"question40_2\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question40_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tapophatic\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question40-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question40\" id=\"question40_3\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question40_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tkarmic\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question40-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question40\" id=\"question40_4\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question40_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tcatastrophic\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question40-5 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question40\" id=\"question40_5\" value=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question40_5\">\n\t\t\t\t\tethnographic\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question40_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question40\" id=\"question40_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_40\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0 question-section-id-41 \" data-qid=\"41\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>The U.S. Civil War led to the widespread use of which funerary process? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question41-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question41\" id=\"question41_1\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question41_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tmummification\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question41-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question41\" id=\"question41_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question41_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tembalming\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question41-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question41\" id=\"question41_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question41_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tcremation\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question41-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question41\" id=\"question41_4\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question41_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tsecondary burial\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question41-5 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question41\" id=\"question41_5\" value=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question41_5\">\n\t\t\t\t\tautopsy\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question41_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question41\" id=\"question41_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_41\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0 question-section-id-42 \" data-qid=\"42\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Which popular U.S. holiday is associated with the Celtic celebration of Samheim, when the realms of the living and the dead were believed to be in closest contact? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question42-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question42\" id=\"question42_1\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question42_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEaster\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question42-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question42\" id=\"question42_2\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question42_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tHalloween\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question42-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question42\" id=\"question42_3\" value=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question42_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tChristmas\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question42-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question42\" id=\"question42_4\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question42_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tValentine's Day\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question42-5 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question42\" id=\"question42_5\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question42_5\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThanksgiving\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question42_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question42\" id=\"question42_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_42\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qmn_question_list\" value=\"38Q39Q40Q41Q42Q\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mlw_error_message_bottom\" class=\"qsm-error-message qmn_error_message_section\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qmn_all_questions_count\" id=\"qmn_all_questions_count\" value=\"5\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"total_questions\" id=\"total_questions\" value=\"5\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"timer\" id=\"timer\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"timer_ms\" id=\"timer_ms\" value=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" class=\"qmn_quiz_id\" name=\"qmn_quiz_id\" id=\"qmn_quiz_id\" value=\"8\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type='hidden' name='complete_quiz' value='confirmation' \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"quiz_answer_random_ids\" id=\"quiz_answer_random_ids_8\" value=\"a:5:{i:38;a:5:{i:0;i:2;i:1;i:1;i:2;i:0;i:3;i:4;i:4;i:3;}i:39;a:5:{i:0;i:0;i:1;i:4;i:2;i:2;i:3;i:3;i:4;i:1;}i:40;a:5:{i:0;i:0;i:1;i:2;i:2;i:3;i:3;i:1;i:4;i:4;}i:41;a:5:{i:0;i:3;i:1;i:1;i:2;i:2;i:3;i:0;i:4;i:4;}i:42;a:5:{i:0;i:1;i:1;i:2;i:2;i:4;i:3;i:0;i:4;i:3;}}\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"qsm-popup qsm-popup-slide\" id=\"modal-4\" aria-hidden=\"false\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__overlay\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-micromodal-close=\"\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__container qmn_quiz_container\" role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"true\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__content\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/wp-content\/plugins\/quiz-master-next\/assets\/clock.png\" alt=\"clock.png\"\/><p class=\"qsm-time-up-text\"> Time's up<\/p><\/div><footer class=\"qsm-popup__footer\"><button class=\"qsm-popup-secondary-button qmn_btn\" data-micromodal-close=\"\" aria-label=\"Close this dialog window\" onclick=\"location.reload();\">Cancel<\/button><\/footer><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"aioseo-problem-solving-challenges\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sample Essay Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Essay Questions with Sample Answers&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Question<\/strong>: Describe the different meanings of the soul in Roman Catholicism, Hinduism, and Buddhism.&nbsp;<br><br><strong>Answer<\/strong>: In all three faith traditions the soul is believed to survive the death of the individual. In Catholicism, the soul exists for one lifetime on earth and then needs to be purified after death because it must be in a state of perfection to reunite with God. Therefore, it enters Purgatory for a varying amount of time depending on the quality of moral life the individual has lived. In Hinduism the soul is also immortal but will progress through a process of reincarnation and karma, being reborn in various bodies until it is perfected and liberated from this cycle (called <em>samsara<\/em>). In Buddhism the soul is not considered immortal, even though it may be reincarnated based on one\u2019s karma. Instead, in Buddhism the ultimate goal is to reach Nirvana, let go of the separate self, and be rejoined to the Whole.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Question<\/strong>: Compare and contrast vampires and zombies.&nbsp;<br><br><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Both are examples of the dead returning to life and both have negative associations and. Contrasting them, vampires are believed to be someone who has recently died and who returns to kill others. People fear vampires. And a (Haitian) zombie is someone is soulless and believed to be enslaved to someone else. They pose little danger besides serving as a social control mechanism to others to not fall under the spell of others and to strengthen their <em>ti-bonaj<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Question<\/strong>: What does the typical U.S. funeral today tell us about the way many non-Indigenous North Americans view death?&nbsp;<br><br><strong>Answer<\/strong>: They tend to be removed from death and uncomfortable with it. They use processes and services that separate them from the body, such as funeral homes, caskets, and various types of embalming. Mourning in public is restrained.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"aioseo-videos\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Case Studies&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In his 1986 classic, <em>ESP, Hauntings, and Poltergeists: A Parapsychologist\u2019s Handbook<\/em>, Loyd Auerbach claims that ghostly activity cannot be recorded by modern technology. Since then, ghost hunters have employed infrared cameras, EMF field meters, EVP recorders, and other devices. Watch the short clips from the first season of <em>Ghost Hunters<\/em> and comment. Do you think that they captured ghostly activity?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=umlMTX4FSbk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=umlMTX4FSbk<\/a> &#8211; Ghost Hunters: Ghost caught on camera at the Burley Hospital.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VrhCVKZ5nGo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VrhCVKZ5nGo<\/a> &#8211; Ghost Hunters: Haunted staircase creaks at night.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-border-color has-contrast-border-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:1px;background-color:#fae6dc3d;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<h2 id=\"aioseo-additional-learning-activities\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Study Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If permitted, visit a cemetery and observe the different types of burial\u2014underground, vault, no tombstone. What are some common designs? Are there numerous burial vaults? Is there a potter\u2019s field? Do the different types of burials signify social class differences? What types of symbols and mementos do you observe?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Have you ever encountered a ghost? Does your family have a ghost story? If so, describe the encounter. Do you consider the experience real or a hallucination?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Describe the customs associated with contemporary Halloween festivals. How have they changed from the past? What evidence do you find of \u201csouls, ghosts, and death\u201d in the celebration of this holiday?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Many Hollywood horror films depict images of ghosts, vampires, and zombies. Are these Hollywood images similar or different from how they appear in films from different cultural traditions?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Have you ever attended a funeral? If so, how was it like or unlike the traditional funeral described in this chapter?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"6\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Why do you think cultures, including our own, put so much emphasis on souls?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"aioseo-further-reading-video-links\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Further Reading &amp; Video Links&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Suggested Readings<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Auerbach, Loyd. <em>Hauntings and Poltergeists. A Ghost Hunter\u2019s Guide<\/em> (Berkeley, CA: Ronin Publishing, 2004). A ghost hunter\u2019s guide from one of the leading paranormal investigators in the U.S.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bannatyne, Leslie Pratt. <em>Halloween. An American Holiday, and American Tradition<\/em> (Gretna, LA: Pelican Publishing Company, 2005). The history of Halloween from the earliest blending of traditions to contemporary Halloween.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guilley, Rosemary Ellen. <em>The Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits<\/em> (New York: Checkmark Books, 2007). A paranormal investigator explores worldwide hauntings and phantasmal events to examine notions of the survival of bodily death.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Harrington, Nicola. <em>Living with the Dead: Ancestor Worship and Mortuary Ritual in Ancient Egypt<\/em> <em>(Studies in Funerary Archaeology)<\/em>(Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2012). Based on archaeological and ethnographic data, the authors examine ancient Egyptian religious practices connecting the living and the dead.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Janelli, Roger. <em>Ancestor Worship and Korean Society<\/em> (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1992). A study of ancestor worship and lineage organization in Korea.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00fcbler-Ross, Elizabeth. <em>On Death and Dying: What the Dying Have to Teach Doctors, Nurses, Clergy, and their Own Families<\/em> (New York: Scribner Reissue, 2014). The fifty year anniversary edition of K\u00fcbler-Ross\u2019s classic that discusses the Five Stages of Grief.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Scott, Beth and Michael Norman, <em>Haunted Heartland. Ghost Stories from the American Midwest<\/em> (Madison, WI: Stanton &amp; Lee Publishers, 1985). A collection of ghost stories collected by the authors from interviews.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Fiction<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Brooks, Max. <em>World War Z: An Oral History of the Zombie War<\/em> (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2006). A fictional account of survivors of the zombie apocalypse that was made into a movie starring Brad Pitt.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Suggested Websites&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/usghostadventures.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/usghostadventures.com\/<\/a> &#8211; website allows viewers to book ghost tours in 60 US cities.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ghostlyactivities.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ghostlyactivities.com\/<\/a> &#8211; advice to novice ghost hunters and features podcasts about ghost hunters, recent sightings, and ghost-hunting equipment.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zombieresearchsociety.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/zombieresearchsociety.com\/<\/a> &#8211; informs readers about the historic, cultural, and scientific study of the living dead. George Romero was a board member until his death in 2017.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/folklore\/vampire-history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/folklore\/vampire-history<\/a> &#8211; this History Channel website explores the folklore associated with vampires.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eterneva.com\/resources\/death-rituals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.eterneva.com\/resources\/death-rituals<\/a> &#8211; death rituals, ceremonies, and burial practices around the world are discussed in this website.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findingdulcinea.com\/what-happens-to-your-soul-when-you-die\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.findingdulcinea.com\/what-happens-to-your-soul-when-you-die\/<\/a> &#8211; provides cross-cultural beliefs about the afterlife.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Suggested Video<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Death Ritual in Ladakh<\/em> (2013, Barrie Machin, 32 minutes). Examines burial and death rituals in Ladakh, India.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The Last Rites of the Honourable Mr. Rai<\/em> (2007, Jayasinjhi Jhala, 46 minutes). A film about cremation in the holy Hindu city, Varanesi, India.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=umlMTX4FSbk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=umlMTX4FSbk<\/a> &#8211; Ghost Hunters: Ghost caught on camera at the Burley Hospital.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VrhCVKZ5nGo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VrhCVKZ5nGo<\/a> &#8211; Ghost Hunters: Haunted staircase creaks at night.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Coco<\/em> (2017, Pixar Animation). Film examines Mexican Day of the Dead and customs and beliefs surrounding death.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Seven Years in Tibet<\/em> (1997, Jean-Jacques Annaud). Based on Heinrich Harrer\u2019s 1952 book about his experiences in Lhasa, Tibet meeting the reincarnated 14<sup>th<\/sup> Dalai Lama.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>On this page<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-base-background-color has-background is-horizontal is-content-justification-space-between is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5f160d8a wp-block-group-is-layout-flex wp-container-1 is-position-sticky\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<nav aria-label=\"Table of Contents\" class=\"wp-block-table-of-contents\"><ol><li><a class=\"wp-block-table-of-contents__entry\" href=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/chapter-8\/#aioseo-chapter-summary\">Chapter Summary<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"wp-block-table-of-contents__entry\" href=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/chapter-8\/#aioseo-problem-solving-challenges\">Multiple Choice Questions\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"wp-block-table-of-contents__entry\" href=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/chapter-8\/#aioseo-problem-solving-challenges\">Sample Essay Questions<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"wp-block-table-of-contents__entry\" href=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/chapter-8\/#aioseo-videos\">Case Studies\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"wp-block-table-of-contents__entry\" href=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/chapter-8\/#aioseo-additional-learning-activities\">Study Questions<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"wp-block-table-of-contents__entry\" href=\"https:\/\/routledgelearning.com\/anthreligionmagicwitchcraft\/chapter-8\/#aioseo-further-reading-video-links\">Further Reading &amp; Video Links\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chapter Summary Multiple Choice Questions&nbsp; Sample Essay Questions Essay Questions with Sample Answers&nbsp; Case Studies&nbsp; In his 1986 classic, ESP, Hauntings, and Poltergeists: A Parapsychologist\u2019s Handbook, Loyd Auerbach claims that ghostly activity cannot be recorded by modern technology. Since then, ghost hunters have employed infrared cameras, EMF field meters, EVP recorders, and other devices. Watch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"no-title","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Chapter Summary Multiple Choice Questions Sample Essay Questions Essay Questions with Sample Answers Question: Describe the different meanings of the soul in Roman Catholicism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. Answer: In all three faith traditions the soul is believed to survive the death of the individual. 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